Basic Introduction to Flow Cytometry

Hi guys, it’s the 5th week already, everyone still going great? Hope you are =)

Anyway, it’s not my turn to post this week, but I decided to still post something this week so to help everyone understand more about the principle of Flow Cytometry which I am fortunate enough to be working with one.

Why would I want to do this, is because I am worried if everyone understand what I was posting during my 1st week where I bombarded everyone with tons of information.

First, over the weeks, I am going to introduction on the following basic principles:
1) Hydrodynamic focusing of the sample
2) Light collection & how they are measured
3) Sorting principle of Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorter (FACS)
4) Data analysis for flow cytometry

For this posting, I will only be explaining about hydrodynamic focusing of the sample:

I am sure all of you know that Flow Cytometry is used to analysis the cells profile based on varying factors (I’ll touch more about the factors under point 2 for next posting – refer to above).

However, before the data could be obtained, the cells have to first be loaded into the Flow Cytometry for sample processing. How the sample is load into the Flow Cytometry is very important, as the sample stream has to be in single cell line in order to record single cell profiles.

Figure 1: Cross-sectioned laser beam focused by laser optics lens
Retrived, July 25, from:
http://biology.berkeley.edu/crl/flow_cytometry_basic.html

The above diagram shows how the sample is being focused into a single cell stream before passing through the laser beam, which is the interrogation point where data about the cells are collected. As you can see, the flowing sheath fluid cause the focusing of the sample stream into single cell line.

Hydrodynamic focusing:
A higher pressure from the flowing sheath fluid causes the lower pressure from the sample to form a single flowing cell line.

That is why the surrounding sheath fluid has to be higher in pressure than the sample fluid, else hydrodynamic focusing could not occur.

That’s all for this posting, will post the next topic the following week.

Please do tell me if you find this useful for you in understanding, as this is something extra I plan on blogging to help everyone understand Flow Cytometry. Because I worried that my first post was too much in the content and hard for everyone to understand.

So, is it okay if I continue the postings to explain the basic principles of Flow Cytometry?

Everyone! Have a nice day =)

Posted by:
Low Quan Jun (0607243C)
TG02
Group 08
25 July 2008

4 comments:

  group1

July 26, 2008 at 12:20 AM

Hey QJ :)

So after the laser beam hits the cells and records down the results, are they linked up with a computer to show a graph of the overall results?

Yvonne Teo

  THE CODEC 5

July 26, 2008 at 1:14 PM

hihi

may i know what kind of sample is used ? blood or something else?

usually need how much sample to be able to perform the test?

how long will the test take ?

thank you =)

TING-JIE
TG02
0608495H

  kahang

July 28, 2008 at 3:11 PM

To Yvonne:

Yes, the Flow Cytometry is linked up to a computer where the data obtained is recorded into a related software (FACSDiva) to be display in a graph to show the overall results.

To Ting Jie:

1) You got it right, blood is one of the samples used. As a general, all kinds of mammalian cells (myocardiac cells, epithelial cells, etc), bacteria cells are also used in some experiments.

2) It actually depends on the types of experiment you are running. However, it’s best if you don't insert in too low volume of sample (a minimum of 300ul for data acquisition and analysis only) or you might find yourself ending up with no sample before your experiment is finish.

3) This is also dependent on the experiment you are running; some experiments can also last up to a day straight!


If there are any unclear points, do feel free to ask me again. I am okay with it =)

Many thanks
Quan Jun

  tg01 group 2

August 1, 2008 at 4:47 PM

Hi Quan Jun,

I have some questions for you:

1)What are some precautions to take note of when loading the cells into the flow cytometer?

2)Do you mind sharing how you load the sample into the flow cytometer?

3)"the flowing sheath fluid cause the focusing of the sample stream into single cell line."

-What are the constituents of the flowing sheath fluid?

4)Based on the diagram, how can the laser beam be focused on the laser optics lens? What principle is involved?

Yes, do continue to post summaries on the principles. This would definitely enhance our learning on flow cytometry.

Thankz!

Han Yang
TG01